Nickel Alloys - Manufacturing Process
To make Nickel Alloys, start with the purest available raw materials to achieve the required chemical composition. A correct chemical composition is necessary to give uniform and required properties to different alloys. The alloys are then Melted, Hot-Rolled and Processed to final sizes using state-of-the-art technology.
All processes are constantly monitored at each step using statistical process control tools to ensure the best quality of the final products. The process for making each alloy is set after a detailed exercise using concepts such as Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FEMA) and Design of Experiments (DOE)
The Nickel Alloy Manufacturing Process
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Alloying processes: Using Electric arc, air induction, vacuum induction melting, mechanical alloying |
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Rolling/Reworking: Hot working: Forging, hot rolling and extrusion Cold working: Rolling, drawing and pilgering |
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Refining/Cleaning: Acid pickling, vacuum refining, vacuum arc and electroslag remelting |
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Full Annealing: Complete annealing, Spherification annealing, Recrystallization annealing, Stress annealing |
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Wire Drawing: Cold Drawing, Hot Drawing, Metal Forming |
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Cold Rolling / Slitting: Cold Rolling, Slitting |
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Annealing: Online Annealing, Isothermal Annealing, Incomplete Annealing, Diffusion Annealing, Stress Relief Annealing |
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Quality Control: Tensile Testing, Hardness Testing, Elasticity Testing, Micro Structure Inspection, Purity Assaying, Mechanical Testing, Dimension Testing |
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Packing: Spools, Coils, Square Bars, Round Bars, Cut Lengths, Ingots |
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List of Various Nickel Alloys
- Alnico (aluminium, cobalt); used in magnets
- Thermocouple Type KN (manganese, aluminium, silicon)
- NiCrFe Alloy 800 (chromium, iron, rare earths); originally for hard-facing valve seats
- Thermocouple Type KP (chromium)
- Cupronickel (bronze, copper)
- Ferronickel (iron)
- German silver (copper, zinc)
- Nickel Chrome Moly Alloy (molybdenum, chromium, sometimes tungsten)
- Nickel Chrome Iron Alloy (chromium, iron)
- NiCu 400 (copper, iron, manganese)
- Nickel-Chrome (chromium)
- Nickel-carbon (carbon)
- Thermocouple Type NP (chromium, silicon, magnesium)
- Thermocouple Type NN (silicon)
- Nickel Titanium Alloy (titanium, shape memory alloy)
- Nickel Iron Aluminum Alloy (iron, aluminium)
- Magnetically "soft" alloys
- Nickel hydride (hydrogen)
- Stainless steel (chromium, molybdenum, carbon, manganese, sulphur, phosphorus, silicon)
- Coin silver (nickel)